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Somak Raychaudhury
Somak Raychaudhury ((ベンガル語:সোমক রায়চৌধুরী)) is an Indian astrophysicist. He is the Director of the Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics (IUCAA), Pune.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Raychaudhury is IUCAA's new director )〕 He is on leave from Presidency University, Kolkata, India,〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Presidency University Department of Physics )〕 where he is a Professor of Physics, and is also affiliated to the University of Birmingham, United Kingdom.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Academic staff in the School of Physics and Astronomy )〕 He is best known for the discovery and detailed analysis of the Shapley supercluster,〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title= Encyclopedia of Astronomy and Astrophysics, ed. P. Murdin, Taylor and Francis, article 2137 )〕 the largest and most massive structure of galaxies in the local Universe, and for his work on X-ray, radio and optical studies of galaxy formation and evolution, and observational studies of stellar mass black holes〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title= Birmingham scientists in black hole discovery, news item on Somak Raychaudhury's research on black holes, Birmingham Mail, 9 April 2012 )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title= 'Ordinary' Black Hole Discovered 12 Million Light Years Away, sciencedaily.com )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title= Royal Astronomical Society Press release on Somak Raychaudhury's research )〕 and supermassive black holes.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title= A Quest for Cosmic Karma, Science, 31 July 2009: 532–533; an interview with Somak Raychaudhury and others on the effect of supermassive black holes in galaxy groups and clusters )〕 His significant contributions include those in the fields of gravitational lensing,〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title= The quest for the golden lens: a perfect alignment of massive objects would offer clues to the rate of cosmic expansion, article by Charles Liu in Natural History Magazine on Somak Raychaudhury's work on gravitational lensing, September 2003 )〕 galaxy dynamics〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title= Spiral metamorphosis, animation inspired by the work of Somak Raychaudhury and Donald Lynden-Bell )〕 and large-scale motions in the Universe, including the Great Attractor.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title= Astronomers home in on the Great Attractor, article in New Scientist, on Somak Raychaudhury's work on looking for the Great Attractor, 9 December 1989 )〕
==Education==
Somak Raychaudhury was born in Kolkata (then Calcutta), India. He attended St Xavier's Collegiate School, Kolkata, from which he ranked second in the Madhyamik examination of the West Bengal Board of Secondary Education, 1978. He then studied at St Xavier's College, Kolkata, from which he placed second in the state in the Higher Secondary Examination of the West Bengal Council of Higher Secondary Education. He attended Presidency College, Calcutta, where he completed his BSc degree in Physics in 1983. He then went to complete a BA degree in Physics at Trinity College, Oxford, University of Oxford, supported by an Inlaks Scholarship from the Inlaks Shivdasani Foundation,〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Inlaks foundation Alumni )〕 where he won a Douglas Sladen Essay prize. He then proceeded to obtain a PhD in Astrophysics from the University of Cambridge, United Kingdom, as a member of Churchill College, Cambridge, in 1990, supported by an Isaac Newton Studentship. Here, he was a recipient of a Smith's Prize (J.T. Knight Prize) in 1988. The subject of his doctoral thesis, supervised by Donald Lynden-Bell, FRS, was "Gravity, Galaxies and the 'Great Attractor' Survey".
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